FYLDE TAVERN #
Variously as 6, 7 or 8 Friday Street
later 213 Corporation Street.
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Geography lesson: Friday Street was the short length of street in front of the main
UCLAN Foster Building, between Kendal Street and Maudland Road.
The "FYLDE TAVERN" was on the west (or University side) of the street.
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| Lancashire Evening Post 2nd April 2012 |
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MINE HOSTS:
1839 - 41 Robert Latham - Brewer and beer-shop keeper.
1844 James Coup
1847 - 53 John Davies
1860 - 61 Henry Parker
1864 Gilbert Blundell
RE-BUILT ON THE SAME SITE 1876 - 77
1874 Mary Whitehead
1871 Thomas Turner
1877 Mrs. Whitehead - presumably the Mary Whitehead of 1874?.
1877 James Thompson - owned by Matthew Brown & Co.
1881 John Wearden
1882 - 85 Patrick Campbell
1885 - 89 Frank Thomas Warwick
1889 William Buck Arnett Property owned by Arnett
1891 - 1917 William Taylor
1919 Thomas Green d. 16.3.1919
1920 Agnes Green
1919 Thomas Green d. 16.3.1919
1920 Agnes Green
1926 - 37. William Henry Howarth
1940 NO MENTION.
1944 - John F. Rushworth
1948 William Latham
1956 Mr. and Kathleen Jackman
1963 Buildings on this part of Corporation Street were demolished in c.1963
1944 - John F. Rushworth
1948 William Latham
1956 Mr. and Kathleen Jackman
1963 Buildings on this part of Corporation Street were demolished in c.1963
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Robert LATHAM, a beer-shop keeper in Friday Street,
was charged with selling, on 1st February, a glass of whiskey,
to Mr. Elmey, an excise man. He was convicted and fined
£12. 10s.
Mr. Elmey, the informer, stated that on the evening in question he went to the defendant's house, and after partaking of a glass of ale, asked for a glass of whiskey, which was immediately supplied to him by Mrs. Latham, and for which he paid 3d.
Cross-examined by Mr. Armstrong: I will swear that I did not give any money to Mrs. Latham's children that night. I did not leave Rochdale from any fear of personal violence; I was born in Suffolk, and was a grocer before I was an exciseman. I will not tell you how I got into the excise.
Mr. Armstrong: Then I appeal to the Bench, to compel you to answer.
Mr. Palmer: I don't think the witness need answer, unless he chooses.
Mr. Armstrong: I have the greatest respect for Mr. Palmer, but except the Bench ask for his opinion, I don't think he ought to volunteer it.
S. Horrocks, Esq.: I beg leave to say, that Mr. Palmer's opinion is most likely to be asked for, and he does right to give it. Mr. Palmer, can the question be pressed?
Mr. Palmer: It can not.
Mr. Armstrong then proceeded to address the Bench for the defendant. He stigmatised the evidence for the information as wholly undeserving of any credit. He considered the informers as nothing better than vagabonds, one of them was a rogue, and the other a drunkard. He should call evidence to show, and which he asserted would very clearly show, that the informer had forsworn himself. After an able address the learned gentleman called the following witnesses:-
Ellen Ashton - this witness was exceedingly deaf, and it was with great difficulty that the oath was administered to her. Her quaint mode of giving her evidence created considerable merriment. Her evidence was to the effect that on the occasion in question, she was at the defendant's house all the time Mr. Elmey was there, and no spirits were brought into the room. This she distinctly swore to, and on her subsequent cross-examination by Mr. Catterall, she persisted in her statement.
Martha Wilkinson stated that she saw Mr. Elmey play with a little boy at the defendant's house, on the day in question; he made it cry, and offered it a half-penny; she saw ale warming on the fire; saw Mr. Elmey pay 2d for it; Ellen Ashton was there nursing a child. Elmey asked Ellen Ashton to drink; she refused. Elmey stayed a quarter of an hour. I stayed until nine o'clock. I recollect the time of the circumstance from my child being eight months old on the 2nd January, a few days before he came.
R. Latham has kept a beer-shop for five years; he has never been fined; I stayed until Mr. Elmey went away.
Cross-examined by Mr. Catterall: Never saw Elmey either since or before. I went in to help Mrs. Latham to clean; she has a large family; I began to clean the back part of the house first; was an hour in cleaning it; waited until Elmey had gone out before I began to clean. My child was eight months old on the 27th of January; and it was two days after that Elmey came.
Re-examined by Mr. Armstrong: There are 28 days in January; we reckoned so.
Mr. Catterall, having replied at some length, the Bench conferred for a few moments, and pronounced their decision for a conviction in the penalty of £12.10s. The Mayor said that he hoped Mr. Kay, the Collector, would recommend a further mitigation of the penalty.
Mr. Kay said undoubtedly he should have no objection to underwrite the recommendation of the magistrates to that effect.
Preston Chronicle 13th April 1839
Mr. Elmey, the informer, stated that on the evening in question he went to the defendant's house, and after partaking of a glass of ale, asked for a glass of whiskey, which was immediately supplied to him by Mrs. Latham, and for which he paid 3d.
Cross-examined by Mr. Armstrong: I will swear that I did not give any money to Mrs. Latham's children that night. I did not leave Rochdale from any fear of personal violence; I was born in Suffolk, and was a grocer before I was an exciseman. I will not tell you how I got into the excise.
Mr. Armstrong: Then I appeal to the Bench, to compel you to answer.
Mr. Palmer: I don't think the witness need answer, unless he chooses.
Mr. Armstrong: I have the greatest respect for Mr. Palmer, but except the Bench ask for his opinion, I don't think he ought to volunteer it.
S. Horrocks, Esq.: I beg leave to say, that Mr. Palmer's opinion is most likely to be asked for, and he does right to give it. Mr. Palmer, can the question be pressed?
Mr. Palmer: It can not.
Mr. Armstrong then proceeded to address the Bench for the defendant. He stigmatised the evidence for the information as wholly undeserving of any credit. He considered the informers as nothing better than vagabonds, one of them was a rogue, and the other a drunkard. He should call evidence to show, and which he asserted would very clearly show, that the informer had forsworn himself. After an able address the learned gentleman called the following witnesses:-
Ellen Ashton - this witness was exceedingly deaf, and it was with great difficulty that the oath was administered to her. Her quaint mode of giving her evidence created considerable merriment. Her evidence was to the effect that on the occasion in question, she was at the defendant's house all the time Mr. Elmey was there, and no spirits were brought into the room. This she distinctly swore to, and on her subsequent cross-examination by Mr. Catterall, she persisted in her statement.
Martha Wilkinson stated that she saw Mr. Elmey play with a little boy at the defendant's house, on the day in question; he made it cry, and offered it a half-penny; she saw ale warming on the fire; saw Mr. Elmey pay 2d for it; Ellen Ashton was there nursing a child. Elmey asked Ellen Ashton to drink; she refused. Elmey stayed a quarter of an hour. I stayed until nine o'clock. I recollect the time of the circumstance from my child being eight months old on the 2nd January, a few days before he came.
R. Latham has kept a beer-shop for five years; he has never been fined; I stayed until Mr. Elmey went away.
Cross-examined by Mr. Catterall: Never saw Elmey either since or before. I went in to help Mrs. Latham to clean; she has a large family; I began to clean the back part of the house first; was an hour in cleaning it; waited until Elmey had gone out before I began to clean. My child was eight months old on the 27th of January; and it was two days after that Elmey came.
Re-examined by Mr. Armstrong: There are 28 days in January; we reckoned so.
Mr. Catterall, having replied at some length, the Bench conferred for a few moments, and pronounced their decision for a conviction in the penalty of £12.10s. The Mayor said that he hoped Mr. Kay, the Collector, would recommend a further mitigation of the penalty.
Mr. Kay said undoubtedly he should have no objection to underwrite the recommendation of the magistrates to that effect.
Preston Chronicle 13th April 1839
The Mayor said that he hoped that Mr. Kay, the Collector,
would recommend a further mitigation of the penalty. Kay
agreed, but there is no record of what fine was ultimately
imposed.
Preston Chronicle 13th April 1839
£12.50 was a colossal amount in 1839 - pers. comm.
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TO BE SOLD BY AUCTION
At the Castle Inn, Preston, on 8th September 1847
LOT 1 A MESSUAGE or DWELLING-HOUSE,
with Brewhouse attached, known by the name of
the "FYLDE TAVERN," No 7 Friday Street, and
in the occupation of Mr. John Davies.
Preston Chronicle 21st August 1847
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| Preston Chronicle 15th January 1853 |
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Preston Guardian 12th November 1864
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Preston Guardian 2nd May 1874
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BREWSTER SESSIONS 1877
Mr Oglethorpe (police) objected to Mary Whitehead's
licence, on the grounds that she wasn't the tenant of the house.
She did, later, become the tenant.
Preston Chronicle 1st September 1877
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Preston Guardian 8th September 1877
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Preston Guardian 29th September 1877
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Preston Guardian 9th February 1878
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PRESTON TOWN COUNCIL.
"ATTACK ON AN ABSENT ALDERMAN"
To the Editor of the Preston Herald.
Sir, In regard to the almost idiotic display of Mr. Alderman Walmsley's animus, as shown in his non-sensical tirade respecting the business connected with the sale to the Corporation of the property belonging to Messrs. M. Brown and Co., Ltd., permit me to make the following comments:
First, as to the sum of £50 agreed, without the least objection or cavil from Mr. Walmsley until now, to be paid between myself, the company's surveyor, and Mr. Finch, their solicitor, for negotiating the sale - my offices extending, off and on, between the two parties not over "10 minutes," but eighteen months - that sum was absolutely and entirely first proposed by Mr. Reah, the Corporation's own official, without previous consultation either with myself or Mr. Finch. Virtually, the fixing of that sum came from the Corporation, So much for Mr. Walmsley.
Next, as to the Corporation being "simply in the power of the company." Supposing that were so, as he says, this is how Messrs. M. Brown and Co. have treated the Corporation under such extraordinary circumstances. For the property which had cost them £3,040 - that is the sum that it stands at in the company's books - they asked and declined to haggle for a farthing less than £3,500 and certain rights. Add to the sum first named 10 per cent, for compulsory sale, and something like £150 for loss of trade in giving up the Fylde Tavern, it requires no expert with Mr. Walmsley's empty brag of "40 year's experience in connection with the purchasing and selling of property" to see what moderation the company showed, when the Corporation, as Mr. Walmsley puts it, "had no alternative in the world but to give the money which was asked."
It is fortunate for the Corporation that "the wild shriek" of the Liberated One will not upset the whole arrangement; in which event a jury would finally have to settle what the Corporation should pay Messrs. Brown and Co. for the property in question.
There is no need for myself to notice here Signor Dogberry's further references to myself. 'Tis a vice to know him.'
JAMES HIBBERT
Preston May 27th 1887
Preston Herald 28th May 1887
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TO BE LET, the FYLDE TAVERN, Corporation Street, Preston. Offers to be sent to Mr. HUDSON REAH, Corporation Steward, 16, Church Street, Preston.
Lancashire Evening Post 20th July 1888
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Preston Guardian 9th March 1889
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Preston Herald 10th August 1889
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Bearing the above notice in mind, it will be obvious that the 'Corporation Arms' mentioned in the following piece, should read 'Fylde Tavern'.
The Alterations at the Corporation Arms.
William Buck Arnett made application through Mr. Craven for a licence to sell beer and wines at the Corporation Arms, Corporation Street, at which extensive alterations had recently been carried out. Mr. Blackhurst, who opposed, contended that the original premises had, in the opinion of the licensing committee, lost their identity, a provisional grant should have been applied for; but Mr. Craven said he would apply for the fresh licence.
Mr. Blackhurst's principal objection, on behalf of the Chief Constable, was that the owner, with regard to the carrying out of the alterations spoken of, had not complied with the orders of the licensing committee.
Preston Herald 31st August 1889
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Preston Herald 31st August 1889
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The application of William Buck Arnett for confirmation of a beer and wine licence, on or off, for the Fylde Tavern, Corporation Street, was granted. Mr. Craven, who appeared on behalf of Mr. Arnett, stated that the old building was purchased from the Corporation on condition that certain improvements were carried out. They were now complete, and had cost upwards of £600.
Preston Herald 28th September 1889
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Taken from the P.N.E. Handbook of the 1898 - 99 Season
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Taken from PNE Football Records Magazine up to the 1906 - 07 Season.
The advert relates to the year 1907.
Magazine provided by Ian Rigby, the Official PNE Historian
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Taken from the 1909 edition of Preston North End's Record Book.
Supplied by Ian Rigby, the Official PNE Historian.
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WANTED IMMEDIATELY, Respectable Girl,18 or 19 preferred; to Clean and Help Kitchen Work -
Apply, by post, references. - Howarth's, Fylde Tavern, Corporation Street, Preston.
Lancashire Evening Post 12th April 1926
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BREW of Grains for sale - Howarth, Fylde Tavern,
Corporation Street, Preston.
Lancashire Evening Post 2nd April 1931
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PURCHASE
by
Ribble Brewery Company Limited
Dated 20th October 1936, between William Henry Howarth, of the Fylde Tavern, Corporation Street, Preston, and P. B. Investments Limited, for the sale and purchase of the Fylde Tavern, Corporation Street, Preston, and other assets at the price of £7,000, plus the price of wet stock to be fixed by valuation.
Birmingham Daily Gazette 15th April 1937
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PRIEST CHASED HIM
Admitting having attempted to take the cash from a collection box at the Sacred Heart Church, Ashton, Preston, last Sunday night, and to stealing a collecting box with 7 shillings in money from the Fylde Tavern, Corporation Street, William Edward Hewitt (18), a Private in the Border Regiment, was bound over for 12 months at Preston today.
Hewitt, whose home address is at Priory Crescent, Penwortham, was also ordered to pay £1. 1s. advocate's fee and to remain in custody for a military escort.
Hewitt admitted five other thefts from collecting boxes.
Mr. R. Robinson, prosecuting, said that on Sunday night Father Gillett, after missing the collecting box, saw the soldier running away. He gave chase and caught him.
Supt. J. Park said that Hewitt had been absent from his regiment for 17 days.
Lancashire Evening Post 5th December 1941
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"SAW MAN BEING KICKED"
Intervened in fight in street with a poker - Preston woman.
The wife of Preston licensee, Mrs. Kathleen Jackman, told Preston magistrates today how, armed with a poker, she intervened in a street scene in which, it is alleged, two Irish brothers were kicked in the face by three men.
Three Preston labourers, Brian Francis Peter Fowler (22), of Peel Street; Stephen Stanley (29) of Slade Street; and Frank Hastie (32), of Marsh Lane, were sent to Preston Quarter Sessions, for trial on charges of unlawfully wounding John Faloon, a 28 year-old steel erector, of Wellington Terrace, Preston, and James Patrick Faloon, 23 year-old builders' labourer, of Greenbank Square, Preston. Only Hastie was allowed bail.
John Faloon said that last Saturday night he left the Fylde Tavern, Corporation Street, Preston, and saw three men whom he now recognised as the accused standing outside.
A friend who was going for a 'bus was walking the wrong way and as he went towards him he was attacked by Fowler, who struck him in the face. He had not said or done anything to the men.
TOOK OFF JACKET
"I took off my jacket to defend myself," he said, "and he kept backing away using his boots and fists at the same time." He said, you had better get down. There's one of your mates getting his head kicked in.
"As I went down I received a blow at the back of my head, and a boot met me at the side of the mouth." John Faloon added that the sight of his left eye "blacked out" for a while, but was alright the next morning.
James Patrick Faloon gave evidence of seeing his brother lying on the ground being kicked by Fowler, with the other two accused joining in the attack. When he went to the assistance of his brother, he himself was knocked to the ground. One of the men (not Fowler) punched him in the face and the third man kicked him as he was getting up.
FOR PROTECTION
Mrs. Jackman, wife of the Fylde Tavern licensee, said she had previously seen the three accused outside, and told them to move away. As they went slowly down Corporation Street she picked up a poker 'for protection' and went out.
She saw another Irishman, who had been following behind the accused, and told him to go home. Then John Faloon came running down the road with arms outstretched, as if indicating he didn't want any trouble.
FIGHT STARTED
John Wilkinson, a motor driver of Kendal Street, said he was at the door of his house when he heard Stanley shout, "Come over here, you big yellow swine, and fight." Some men came across the road and a fight started between them and the three accused.
He said Hastie kicked John Faloon as Stanley was on top of him, and then both Stanley and Hastie kicked him "from either side."
D.S. Gregory said all three accused denied the charges. Fowler said he knew nothing about it. Stanley made a statement in which he alleged that they were attacked by the Faloon brothers and two other men. Hastie said, "I kicked no-one," adding, "I have never been in any trouble like this before. I was stupid to have been with them."
Mr. H. Morgan, for Stanley and Hastie, applied for bail.
Objecting, D.S. Gregory said the police had had some difficulty in bringing witnesses, who might be "intimidated".
"There were very few people about at the time," Mrs. Jackman said. "Hastie hit Faloon who went right up in the air, landing on his back in the middle of the road. Hastie booted Johnnie."
"As he lifted his legs to kick, I aimed at his knee with the poker, but missed. He came towards me and I hit him on the head." Stanley said, "I'm surprised at you, Kathleen."
Mrs. Jackman said she saw Hastie and Stanley booting Faloon as she turned to go for the police. As Jimmy Faloon came up, Hastie moved across to him, leaving Fowler and Stanley kicking Johnny Faloon on the floor.
"I called my husband, telling him someone was being killed, then followed him and saw Fowler walking away. I called something to him. He spat on the ground and said, "So what, I go down on Friday for five years."
Fowler replied, "You're a liar, get away."
Lancashire Evening Post 19th July 1956
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WANTED IMMEDIATELY, Respectable Girl,18 or 19 preferred; to Clean and Help Kitchen Work -
Apply, by post, references. - Howarth's, Fylde Tavern, Corporation Street, Preston.
Lancashire Evening Post 12th April 1926
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BREW of Grains for sale - Howarth, Fylde Tavern,
Corporation Street, Preston.
Lancashire Evening Post 2nd April 1931
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PURCHASE
by
Ribble Brewery Company Limited
Dated 20th October 1936, between William Henry Howarth, of the Fylde Tavern, Corporation Street, Preston, and P. B. Investments Limited, for the sale and purchase of the Fylde Tavern, Corporation Street, Preston, and other assets at the price of £7,000, plus the price of wet stock to be fixed by valuation.
Birmingham Daily Gazette 15th April 1937
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PRIEST CHASED HIM
Admitting having attempted to take the cash from a collection box at the Sacred Heart Church, Ashton, Preston, last Sunday night, and to stealing a collecting box with 7 shillings in money from the Fylde Tavern, Corporation Street, William Edward Hewitt (18), a Private in the Border Regiment, was bound over for 12 months at Preston today.
Hewitt, whose home address is at Priory Crescent, Penwortham, was also ordered to pay £1. 1s. advocate's fee and to remain in custody for a military escort.
Hewitt admitted five other thefts from collecting boxes.
Mr. R. Robinson, prosecuting, said that on Sunday night Father Gillett, after missing the collecting box, saw the soldier running away. He gave chase and caught him.
Supt. J. Park said that Hewitt had been absent from his regiment for 17 days.
Lancashire Evening Post 5th December 1941
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"SAW MAN BEING KICKED"
Intervened in fight in street with a poker - Preston woman.
The wife of Preston licensee, Mrs. Kathleen Jackman, told Preston magistrates today how, armed with a poker, she intervened in a street scene in which, it is alleged, two Irish brothers were kicked in the face by three men.
Three Preston labourers, Brian Francis Peter Fowler (22), of Peel Street; Stephen Stanley (29) of Slade Street; and Frank Hastie (32), of Marsh Lane, were sent to Preston Quarter Sessions, for trial on charges of unlawfully wounding John Faloon, a 28 year-old steel erector, of Wellington Terrace, Preston, and James Patrick Faloon, 23 year-old builders' labourer, of Greenbank Square, Preston. Only Hastie was allowed bail.
John Faloon said that last Saturday night he left the Fylde Tavern, Corporation Street, Preston, and saw three men whom he now recognised as the accused standing outside.
A friend who was going for a 'bus was walking the wrong way and as he went towards him he was attacked by Fowler, who struck him in the face. He had not said or done anything to the men.
TOOK OFF JACKET
"I took off my jacket to defend myself," he said, "and he kept backing away using his boots and fists at the same time." He said, you had better get down. There's one of your mates getting his head kicked in.
"As I went down I received a blow at the back of my head, and a boot met me at the side of the mouth." John Faloon added that the sight of his left eye "blacked out" for a while, but was alright the next morning.
James Patrick Faloon gave evidence of seeing his brother lying on the ground being kicked by Fowler, with the other two accused joining in the attack. When he went to the assistance of his brother, he himself was knocked to the ground. One of the men (not Fowler) punched him in the face and the third man kicked him as he was getting up.
FOR PROTECTION
Mrs. Jackman, wife of the Fylde Tavern licensee, said she had previously seen the three accused outside, and told them to move away. As they went slowly down Corporation Street she picked up a poker 'for protection' and went out.
She saw another Irishman, who had been following behind the accused, and told him to go home. Then John Faloon came running down the road with arms outstretched, as if indicating he didn't want any trouble.
FIGHT STARTED
John Wilkinson, a motor driver of Kendal Street, said he was at the door of his house when he heard Stanley shout, "Come over here, you big yellow swine, and fight." Some men came across the road and a fight started between them and the three accused.
He said Hastie kicked John Faloon as Stanley was on top of him, and then both Stanley and Hastie kicked him "from either side."
D.S. Gregory said all three accused denied the charges. Fowler said he knew nothing about it. Stanley made a statement in which he alleged that they were attacked by the Faloon brothers and two other men. Hastie said, "I kicked no-one," adding, "I have never been in any trouble like this before. I was stupid to have been with them."
Mr. H. Morgan, for Stanley and Hastie, applied for bail.
Objecting, D.S. Gregory said the police had had some difficulty in bringing witnesses, who might be "intimidated".
"There were very few people about at the time," Mrs. Jackman said. "Hastie hit Faloon who went right up in the air, landing on his back in the middle of the road. Hastie booted Johnnie."
"As he lifted his legs to kick, I aimed at his knee with the poker, but missed. He came towards me and I hit him on the head." Stanley said, "I'm surprised at you, Kathleen."
Mrs. Jackman said she saw Hastie and Stanley booting Faloon as she turned to go for the police. As Jimmy Faloon came up, Hastie moved across to him, leaving Fowler and Stanley kicking Johnny Faloon on the floor.
"I called my husband, telling him someone was being killed, then followed him and saw Fowler walking away. I called something to him. He spat on the ground and said, "So what, I go down on Friday for five years."
Fowler replied, "You're a liar, get away."
Lancashire Evening Post 19th July 1956
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THE CAVE FAMILY OF PRESTON: PUBLICANS, POLICE - AND
OTHERS
A number of us have pub licensees, brewers and
maltsters in our Cave family trees, so I was interested to find the website
‘Pubs in Preston - Preston’s Inns, Taverns and Beerhouses - One man’s attempt
to recreate Preston’s 19th-century social life and times’. Its creator, Stephen
Halliwell, has traced the life and times of hundreds of public houses and their
occupants, in the Lancashire town of Preston.
The search facility revealed two Caves who were
licensees in Preston -
1869-1874
- Samuel Cave (with Thomas Turner), the Fylde Tavern
1893-1894
- John Cave, The Glover Street Tavern
1897
- John Cave, The Wellington Inn
1901
- John Cave, The Exchange Hotel
1902 - John Cave, The Blackamoors Head
From just these two names has emerged an extensive and
very interesting family tree. There appear to have been no other Caves in
Preston at the time – always helpful in following a line – and almost without
exception they stayed in the town.
Firstly, censuses indicated that Samuel and John were
father and son. Samuel Cave was born in Preston in 1801 to Sarah Cave, no
father was named, and he married Mary (maiden name not known). In censuses from
1841-1871 Samuel is described as M.S. (manservant), coachman, servant, and
cabdriver. Census data doesn’t describe either Samuel or John as licensees, but
there is sufficient evidence to indicate that they are the same people. Perhaps
their time in the licensed trade was short and did not coincide with the
census, or maybe they had multiple occupations. In May 1874 the Preston
Guardian reported that Samuel Cave, landlord of the Fylde Tavern, was summoned
for selling drink during prohibited hours, but the case was dismissed.
Samuel and Mary had at least seven children – Samuel
(1833), Ann/e (1835), Isabella (1837), Sarah (1841), William (1844), Richard
(1846) and John (1852). Because of the original link with the licensing trade I
was initially concerned with John, the youngest, but the other siblings have
also proved interesting.
John Cave (1852-1927)
In 1871 John was aged 19 and a footman (out of work).
The Lancashire Record Office website also lists a John Cave who served with the
police from 1871-1873, and information in a later newspaper report confirms
that this was the same person.
On 11 February 1880 at St Peter’s Church, Preston,
John was married to Lucy Watson, the daughter of the late William Mason, a
publican. Lucy was a widow and had a small daughter Eliza Alice. Before her
marriage to John, Lucy had lived with her aunt and uncle who were publicans at
the Fox and Goose Tavern; and the Fox Street Tavern (later the Exchange Hotel).
At the time of his marriage John was a Sanitary Inspector, also referred to as
Inspector of Nuisances, and it appears that he was responsible for what we
would now call weights and measures, or trading standards. Tragically, Lucy
died the following year. Her daughter, Eliza Alice, later married a doctor and
had three daughters. In 1883 John married Alice Foster, daughter of the late
Richard Foster. They appear not to have had any family.
We know a little more about John from local
newspapers. In 1878 the Preston Guardian reported a case where John Cave,
inspector of nuisances, gave evidence in a case of adulterated milk. The case
was proved and the defendant fined 40s. with costs. In 1880 the council minutes
reported that John Cave, inspector of nuisances, had applied for an increase in
salary. This was shortly after his first marriage to Lucy. The application was
‘referred to committee’ and the outcome not known.
At the end of 1892 there was considerable local press
coverage about ‘The Slink Meat Traffic in Preston – Startling Disclosures’ and
‘Reorganisation of the Sanitary Dept.’ Slink meat was a term used to describe
diseased meat which was unfit to eat, and as Sanitary Inspector John Cave was
responsible for monitoring this traffic in the town. Some allegations state
that slink meat was moved out of the area for onward sale, with the Sanitary
Inspectors receiving ‘tips’ from farmers for this service, and that although
S.I. Cave and his colleague had been in post for 20 years the service was
negligent and corrupt, and that Preston had the highest death rate of any town
in England. Probably largely in consequence, it was proposed that John Cave’s
employment be terminated as part of large-scale reorganisation. However other
members of the corporation spoke out in strong defence of the two Sanitary
Inspectors, and a letter from John Cave was submitted. Again, it is not obvious
exactly what the outcome was, but it seems likely that John Cave’s employment
with the Corporation ceased, and that he then became licensee of the pubs
mentioned above.
In the 1901 census John aged 45, was ‘living on own
means’ with Alice, 40, at Lauderdale Street. By 1911 John and Alice, were aged
54 and 50, had been married for 27 years, and John was hotel manager at the
Boreatton Arms Hotel, Baschurch, Staffs. John died aged 75 in 1927, having returned
to Preston, and left the not inconsiderable sum of £3,749.4s.1d. to his widow
Alice.
The Daughters:
Sarah Cave (m. Thomas Turner)
Sarah, b. 1841 is listed as a cotton weaver at home
with her parents in 1861 census. In July 1861 at St John’s Church Preston,
Sarah married Thomas Turner (b.1837, son of Richard Turner). In 1861, prior to
his marriage, Thomas was a policeman but by 1871 Thomas was a beer house keeper
– another link to the licensed trade. Presumably he was the joint landlord of
the Fylde Tavern with Samuel Cave in 1869-1874. By 1881 he had become a corn
dealer, then a farmer. Sarah and Thomas stayed in and around Preston and had 11
children of whom 8 were surviving in 1911. Two of their sons were butchers.
Sarah and Thomas both lived into their 80s.
Ann(e) was born c. 1835 and married John Hunt in 1846.
They had two sons, James (b. 1864) and Richard (b. 1869), and four daughters –
Mary, Sarah Ann, Ruth, and Elizabeth Ellen. This was a family mainly employed
in the local cotton industry – John was a cotton yarn dresser, Ann a cotton
weaver, and their daughters all followed them as weavers. James aged 17 was an
apprentice coach builder.
Isabella Cave (m. Hugh Ashcroft)
Isabella Cave (b. 1837) was a cotton weaver in 1861,
at home with parents. In 1871, after a little bit of detective work, I found
her in the guise of Bella Ashcroft (nee ‘Kay’) living in Mount Street, Preston
at an address between parents Samuel and Mary, and brother William. Neither
Isabella nor her husband Hugh, a farmer’s son, were literate – they signed the
marriage register with a cross - and so the name had apparently become
corrupted. It is curious that neither her brother or father, who were present
at their ceremony, noticed the mistake, and father Samuel’s name was also
mis-spelt. By 1881 Isabella and Hugh had two daughters and two sons, in 1901
Isabella, now widowed, was a lodging house keeper.
Samuel Cave (Jnr.) (1833-1912) and his son William
Henry Morgan Cave (1862-1942)
Returning to the Cave brothers, Samuel (Jnr.) is
unusual in this family as he was ‘the one who moved away’ from Preston. He
married Mary Morgan in July 1857 at Trinity Church Paddington. They had two
sons, as well as other children. Samuel was a bank messenger. By 1901 he was
widowed and had returned to Preston to live with his younger brother Richard.
Samuel and Mary’s eldest son, William Henry Morgan
Cave (b. 1862), is the one who can be said to ‘have made good’. In 1881 he was
clerk to an accountant, his brother Frederick (b. 1865) being clerk to an
agent. In 1885 William married Elizabeth Randall in Peckham, daughter of a toy
merchant. In 1891 and 1901 William H.M. and Elizabeth were in Deptford and in
1911 in Brockley, SE London, with their son Henry Randall Cave (bc 1884) and
two daughters, Grace (bc 1891) and Mary (bc 1896). As the oldest grandchild of
the Preston Cave clan, William was fortunate to inherit money from his father
Samuel (Jnr.) in 1912 (£634.1s.6d) and from his (childless) uncle Richard who
left him £1,976.8s.6d in 1929. William H.M. was a stocks and shares dealer at
the Stock Exchange and he died in September 1942 in Haywards Heath, leaving
£22,461.4s.1d to his eldest son, Henry Randall Cave, who was a member of the
Stock Exchange. Henry Randall Cave had served in the Great War from August 1914
to March 1918, when he was discharged because of wounds following service
overseas, and awarded the Silver War badge. From 1916, this was given to men of
serviceable age who had been honourably discharged due to wounds or sickness
and was worn with civilian dress to prevent accusations of cowardice.
William Cave (1844-1933)
"Old Billy" Cave - Doyen of the Preston Borough Police Inspectors.
William Cave was the second son of Samuel Cave Snr.
and Mary. William married Alice Miller in Preston in April 1870, and their
children were all born in Preston – James Miller (1871), Mary Ann (1872),
Samuel R. (1875) and Edith Isabella (1877). In 1881 and 1891 William was listed
as a police sergeant and police inspector, but his earlier and more exciting
career was discovered from the Lancashire Daily Post. In April 1930 on the
occasion of his Diamond Wedding anniversary, and three years later, his
obituary in 1933, his early life was described as “an adventurous lifetime of
65 years in which he – left school at 9; ran away to sea at 14; joined the Army
at 15; was in a mutiny at 16; fought the Maoris at 17, and joined the police
force at 24”. The newspaper reports:
Willie Cave had been an errand boy, a
grocer’s assistant, and a plumber before he made up his mind to run away to sea
at 14. So he went to Liverpool, and after wandering about the docks for a day
and a night, fell in with a recruiting party. The recruiting sergeant bought
him over for a shilling, kept him in bed a week to ‘stretch’ him, and then
giving his age as 18 enlisted him in the 65th Foot, the Royal Bengal Tigers.
After 12 months in Ireland they were sent out to New Zealand to assist in
quelling the Maori rebellion. The troop ship took four months to reach
Auckland, and during the voyage the soldiers mutinied, owning to a shortage of
fresh water. Mr Cave spent six years in New Zealand fighting the Maoris, and he
took part in the battle of Rangariri on 20 November 1863... where between 300
and 400 British soldiers were killed ... At 24 Mr Cave left the Army and joined
the Preston borough police force ... rose to the rank of inspector, and retired
after 26 years’ service.
Since then Mr & Mrs Cave have jogged
along comfortably. For the past 22 years they have acted as caretakers ......... in
Lune-street, Preston, and there they live in a cosy little kitchen right in the
heart of the town, yet tucked away from the noise and bustle of modern traffic.
William Cave’s 1933 obituary begins “Old Billy Cave
has not lived to see the spring. The doyen of Preston police inspectors died
this morning ... but a month ago he posed for a photograph with the five oldest
police pensioners in the town”.
In 1893 William Cave was named in a case where an
‘absent’ landlord was accused of harbouring an officer on duty, although
William Cave, an officer with nearly 25 years’ service, was allegedly searching
the premises for suspected intruders. The landlord was convicted and fined £5
but it is not clear, from the lengthy and wordy reports, how this affected P.I.
Cave. Later reports imply that he continued to serve in the police force.
Richard Cave (c. 1846-1929)
Richard married Susannah Fielding in 1879. Susannah
was from Dolphinholme, Lancs., and they may have met when Richard worked in
Salford as a servant to the Dean of Manchester, as it is recorded in the 1871
census that Susannah’s sister Nancy was also a servant there. Prior to this in
1861 Richard, aged 14, had been a footman. By 1881 he was a prison warden and
appears to have followed this occupation until he appears as a pensioner,
retired warden, in 1911. Richard and Susannah had no children but I view them
as a kind couple - in 1901 they shared their home with Richard’s widowed
brother Samuel, who had returned from London, and also Susannah’s sister Nancy
who had not married. In 1887 Samuel Cave Snr., Richard’s father, had died at
their home where he too may have been living after his wife died in 1880.
Having started to look for links with pubs in this
family, they have proved to be of much broader interest – and there is more to
find. For anyone with local knowledge of Preston, it would be easy – and
fascinating – to trace where this Cave family lived and worked, often moving
short distances around a small number of streets, and would provide a great
family history trail.
There are still a number of Caves listed in Preston
today and I wonder if they are descendants? I would like to know if anyone else
has followed this interesting line, which I have been able to trace in the area
for over a hundred years. Nearly all of the information in this study is
sourced through mainstream genealogy websites; from the Cave FHS Table NZ, and
the excellent Lancashire Online Parish Clerk website. I am especially grateful
to Steve Halliwell of ‘Pubs in Preston blogspot’ for his help and interest.
Wendy Wright
'from the Cave Family History Society Newsletter, April 2013'
'from the Cave Family History Society Newsletter, April 2013'
*
CENSUS RETURNS
1851
John Davies 40 years b. Welshpool
Elizabeth Davies 39 Retail brewer b. Low Marsh, Lancaster
Elizabeth Davies 11 Daughter b. Broughton
George Davies 6 Son / Scholar b. Preston
David Thomas Davies 3 Son do
1861
Henry Parker 24 years Beershop keeper b. Kirkham
Mary Ann Parker 26 ? Wife b. Disbury, Yorkshire
Thomas Parker 4 months Son b. Preston
1871
Thomas Turner 33 years Beerhouse Keeper b. Heaton-with-Oxcliffe
Sarah Turner 30 Wife b. Preston
Richard Turner 7 Son do
Samuel Turner 5 Son do
Isabella Turner 3 Daughter do
William Turner 1 Son do
1881
John Wearden 48 years Publican b. Preston
Sarah Wearden 54 Wife b. Halifax
1891
William Taylor 41 years Innkeeper b. Whitworth
Ann Taylor 40 Wife b. Preston
1901
William Taylor 50 years Innkeeper b. Whitworth
Ann Taylor 50 Wife b. Preston
1911
William Taylor 60 years Beerhouse Keeper b. Whitworth
Ann Taylor 61 Wife b. Preston
*
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